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Benchmark adalah sebuah metode peningkatan kinerja secara sistematis dan logis suatu program atau pekerjaan yang melakukan perbandingan kemampuan dari berbagai kerja dari beberapa peralatan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pada produk yang baru. Pengujian dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan produk-produk software maupun hardware dengan test yang sama.

Adapun tipe-tipe benchmarks yang bisa dilakukan adalah :

1. Real program
   • word processing software
   • tool software of CDA
   • user’s application software (MIS)
2. Kernel
   • contains key codes
   • normally abstracted from actual program
   • popular kernel: Livermore loop
   • linpack benchmark (contains basic linear algebra subroutine written in FORTRAN language)
   • results are represented in MFLOPS

1. Component Benchmark/ micro-benchmark
   • programs designed to measure performance of a computer’s basic components
   • automatic detection of computer’s hardware parameters like number of registers, cache size, memory latency
2. Synthetic Benchmark
   • Procedure for programming synthetic Bench mark
     • take statistics of all type of operations from plenty of application programs
     • get proportion of each operation
     • write a program based on the proportion above
   • Types of Synthetic Benchmark are:
     • Whetstone
     • Dhrystone
   • These were the first general purpose industry standard computer benchmarks. They do not necessarily obtain high scores on modern pipelined computers.
3. I/O benchmarks
4. Parallel benchmarks:- used on machines with multiple processors or systems consisting of multiple machines.